--- title: "SERA.3101 – SERA.3401: SECTION 3 General rules and collision avoidance (ANNEX: Rules of the Air, SERA) — rule index · Avioverse" description: "SERA.3101 – SERA.3401, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012. An aircraft shall not be operated in a negligent or reckless manner so as to endanger life or…" url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3" --- # SECTION 3 General rules and collision avoidance ANNEX: Rules of the Air · Standardised European Rules of the Air (SERA) · Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 · SERA.3101 – SERA.3401 On this page 1. ## [SERA.3101 Negligent or reckless operation of aircraft](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3101) An aircraft shall not be operated in a negligent or reckless manner so as to endanger life or property of others. 2. ## [SERA.3105 Minimum heights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3105) Except when necessary for take-off or landing, or except by permission from the competent authority, aircraft shall not be flown over the congested areas… [GM1 SERA.3105 Minimum heights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3105#gm1-sera-3105) [GM2 SERA.3105 Minimum heights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3105#gm2-sera-3105) [GM3 SERA.3105 Minimum heights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3105#gm3-sera-3105) 3. ## [SERA.3110 Cruising levels](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3110) The cruising levels at which a flight or a portion of a flight is to be conducted shall be in terms of: 4. ## [SERA.3115 Dropping or spraying](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3115) Dropping or spraying from an aircraft in flight shall only be conducted in accordance with: 5. ## [SERA.3120 Towing](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3120) An aircraft or other object shall only be towed by an aircraft in accordance with: 6. ## [SERA.3125 Parachute descents](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3125) Parachute descents, other than emergency descents, shall only be made in accordance with: 7. ## [SERA.3130 Aerobatic flight](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3130) Aerobatic flights shall only be carried out in accordance with: 8. ## [SERA.3135 Formation flights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3135) Aircraft shall not be flown in formation except by pre-arrangement among the pilots-in-command of the aircraft taking part in the flight and, for… 9. ## [SERA.3140 Unmanned free balloons](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3140) An unmanned free balloon shall be operated in such a manner as to minimise hazards to persons, property or other aircraft and in accordance with the… 10. ## [SERA.3145 Prohibited areas and restricted areas](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3145) Aircraft shall not be flown in a prohibited area, or in a restricted area, the particulars of which have been duly published, except in accordance with… 11. ## [SERA.3201 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3201) Nothing in this Regulation shall relieve the pilot-in-command of an aircraft from the responsibility of taking such action, including collision avoidance… [GM1 SERA.3201 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3201#gm1-sera-3201) 12. ## [SERA.3205 Proximity](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3205) An aircraft shall not be operated in such proximity to other aircraft as to create a collision hazard. 13. ## [SERA.3210 Right-of-way](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3210) The aircraft that has the right-of-way shall maintain its heading and speed. [GM1 SERA.3210(d)(3) Right-of-way](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3210#gm1-sera-3210-d-3) [GM1 SERA.3210(d)(4)(ii) (B) Right-of-way](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3210#gm1-sera-3210-d-4-ii) 14. ## [SERA.3212 Uncertainty as to the position on the manoeuvring area at aerodromes where air traffic services are provided](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3212) Except as provided for in point (b), a pilot in doubt as to the position of the aircraft with respect to the manoeuvring area shall immediately: 15. ## [SERA.3215 Lights to be displayed by aircraft](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3215) Except as provided by (e), at night all aircraft in flight shall display: [GM1 SERA.3215(a) ;(b) Lights to be displayed by aircraft](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3215#gm1-sera-3215-a) [AMC1 SERA.3215(a)(1) Lights to be displayed by aircraft](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3215#amc1-sera-3215-a-1) [GM1 SERA.3215(a)(1) Lights to be displayed by aircraft](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3215#gm1-sera-3215-a-1) 16. ## [SERA.3220 Simulated instrument flights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3220) An aircraft shall not be flown under simulated instrument flight conditions unless: [GM1 SERA.3220(b) Simulated instrument flights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3220#gm1-sera-3220-b) 17. ## [SERA.3225 Operation on and in the vicinity of an aerodrome](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3225) An aircraft operated on or in the vicinity of an aerodrome shall: 18. ## [SERA.3230 Water operations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3230) When two aircraft or an aircraft and a vessel are approaching one another and there is a risk of collision, the aircraft shall proceed with careful… [GM1 SERA.3230 Water operations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3230#gm1-sera-3230) [GM1 SERA.3230(b) Water operations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3230#gm1-sera-3230-b) 19. ## [SERA.3301 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3301) Upon observing or receiving any of the signals given in Appendix 1, aircraft shall take such action as may be required by the interpretation of the… 20. ## [SERA.3401 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3401) Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) shall be used and shall be expressed in hours and minutes and, when required, seconds of the 24-hour day beginning at… [GM1 SERA.3401(d) General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/sera/annex-rules-of-the-air/section-3/sera-3401#gm1-sera-3401-d) Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 26 Aug 2025, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. 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