---
title: "GM1 Article 3(14) Definitions — Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/20, Ground Handling · Avioverse"
description: "AIRCRAFT TOWING (a) Towing can be done using a towbar or a towbarless tractor."
url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/ground-handling/commission-delegated-regulation-eu-2025-20/cover-regulation/gm1-article-3-14"
---

# GM1 Article 3(14) Definitions

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/20 · Regulations (EU) 2025/23 and 2025/24 · EAR revision 5 Nov 2025

GM Guidance material

## GM1 Article 3(14) Definitions

[AIRCRAFT TOWING](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/aircraft-towing)

(a) Towing can be done using a towbar or a towbarless tractor. The GSE may be attached to the main landing gear. Depending on the type of towing vehicle, the operation may involve direct steering from the flight crew compartment by authorised personnel who are in the flight crew compartment at the time of taxiing.

(b) Aircraft towing may have different purposes:

(1) Aircraft maintenance. This operation is performed with no passengers or cargo and with minimum fuel on board the aircraft. This falls outside the scope of Commission Delegated Regulation(EU) 2025/20, as stated in Article 2(3)(g).

(2) Operational/dispatch. This is towing of an aircraft to/from the terminal gate or parking area to/from a remote parking area, with or without passengers, cargo or fuel on board.

GM · GM1 Article 3(14) — Regulations (EU) 2025/23 and 2025/24 · ED Decision 2025/007/R · Ground Handling Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 5 Nov 2025

[All rules in Cover Regulation](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/ground-handling/commission-delegated-regulation-eu-2025-20/cover-regulation)

Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 5 Nov 2025, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use.