--- title: "CS 25.1301 – CS 25.1461: SUBPART F – EQUIPMENT (CS-25) — rule index · Avioverse" description: "CS 25.1301 – CS 25.1461, CS-25. (See AMC 25.1301) (a) Each item of installed equipment must – (1) Be of a kind and design appropriate to its intended…" url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f" --- # SUBPART F – EQUIPMENT Large Aeroplanes (CS-25) · CS-25 · CS 25.1301 – CS 25.1461 On this page 1. ## [CS 25.1301 Function and installation](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1301) (See AMC 25.1301) (a) Each item of installed equipment must – (1) Be of a kind and design appropriate to its intended function; [AMC 25.1301(a)(2) Function and installation](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1301#amc-25-1301-a-2) 2. ## [CS 25.1302 Installed systems and equipment for use by the flight crew](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1302) (See AMC 25.1302.) This paragraph applies to installed systems and equipment intended to be used by flight crew members when operating the aeroplane from… [AMC 25.1302 Installed systems and equipment for use by the flight crew](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1302#amc-25-1302) [AMC 25.1302 APPENDIX 1: Related regulatory material and documents](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1302#amc-25-1302-2) [GM1 25.1302 Explanatory material](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1302#gm1-25-1302) [GM2 25.1302 Examples of compliance matrices](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1302#gm2-25-1302) 3. ## [CS 25.1303 Flight and navigation instruments](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1303) The following flight and navigation instruments must be installed so that the instruments are visible from each pilot station: [AMC 25.1303(a)(3) Direction indicators](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1303#amc-25-1303-a-3) [AMC 25.1303(b)(5) Attitude Displays](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1303#amc-25-1303-b-5) [AMC 25.1303(c)(1) Flight and navigation instruments](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1303#amc-25-1303-c-1) 4. ## [CS 25.1305 Powerplant instruments](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1305) (See AMC 25.1305) The following are required powerplant instruments: [AMC 25.1305(a)(2) Fuel indication system(s)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1305#amc-25-1305-a-2) [AMC 25.1305(c)(5) Powerplant ice protection system functioning indication](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1305#amc-25-1305-c-5) [AMC 25.1305(d)(1) Powerplant instruments](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1305#amc-25-1305-d-1) 5. ## [CS 25.1307 Miscellaneous equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1307) The following is required miscellaneous equipment: Reserved (b) Two or more independent sources of electrical energy. 6. ## [CS 25.1309 Equipment, systems and installations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1309) (See AMC 25.1309) The requirements of this paragraph, except as identified below, are applicable, in addition to specific design requirements of CS-25… [AMC 25.1309 System design and analysis](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1309#amc-25-1309) 7. ## [Appendix 1 Assessment methods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-1) Various methods for assessing the causes, severity, and probability of failure conditions are available to support experienced engineering and… 8. ## [Appendix 2 Safety Assessment Process Overview](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-2) In showing compliance with CS 25.1309(b), the considerations covered in this AMC should be addressed in a methodical and systematic manner, which ensures… 9. ## [Appendix 3 Calculation of the average probability per flight hour](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-3) The purpose of this material is to provide guidance for calculating the ʽAverage Probability per Flight Hour’ for a failure condition so that it can be… 10. ## [Appendix 4 Allowable Probabilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-4) The following probabilities may be used for environmental conditions and operational factors (not caused by aeroplane failures) in quantitative safety… 11. ## [CS 25.1310 Power source capacity and distribution](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1310) (See AMC 25.1310) (a) Each installation whose functioning is required for type certification or by operating rules and that requires a power supply is an… [AMC 25.1310(a) Power source capacity and distribution](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1310#amc-25-1310-a) 12. ## [CS 25.1315 Negative acceleration](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1315) (See AMC 25.1315) No hazardous malfunction may occur as a result of the aeroplane being operated at the negative accelerations within the flight… [AMC 25.1315 Negative accelerations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1315#amc-25-1315) 13. ## [CS 25.1316 Electrical and electronic system lightning protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1316) (See AMC 20-136) (a) Each electrical and electronic system that performs a function whose failure would prevent the continued safe flight and landing of… 14. ## [CS 25.1317 High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1317) (See AMC 20-158) (a) Each electrical and electronic system that performs a function whose failure would prevent the continued safe flight and landing of… 15. ## [CS 25.1319 Equipment, systems and network information protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1319) Aeroplane equipment, systems and networks, considered separately and in relation to other systems, must be protected from intentional unauthorised… 16. ## [AMC to CS 25.1319 Equipment, systems and network information security protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/amc-to-cs-25-1319-equipment-systems-and-network-information-security-protection) In showing compliance with CS 25.1319, the applicant may consider AMC 20-42, which provides acceptable means, guidance and methods to perform security… 17. ## [CS 25.1321 Arrangement and visibility](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1321) Each flight, navigation, and powerplant instrument for use by any pilot must be plainly visible to him from his station with the minimum practicable… 18. ## [CS 25.1322 Flight Crew Alerting](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1322) (See AMC 25.1322) (a) Flight crew alerts must: provide the flight crew with the information needed to: [AMC 25.1322 Alerting Systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1322#amc-25-1322) 19. ## [Appendix 1 Examples for Including Visual System Elements in an Alerting System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-1-2) This appendix includes detailed guidance and examples to help applicants with a means of compliance and design for visual system elements in an alerting… 20. ## [Appendix 2 Examples for Including Aural System Elements in an Alerting System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-2-2) General a. Detailed guidance and examples are included in this appendix to help applicants with a means of compliance, requirements, and detailed design… 21. ## [Appendix 3 Regulations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-3-2) The following related documents are provided for information purposes and are not necessarily directly referenced in this AMC. 22. ## [Appendix 4 Related Documents](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-4-2) FAA Reports. A paper copy of the following reports may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA… 23. ## [Appendix 5 Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-5) Definitions are written to support the content of this AMC and its associated certification specification. 24. ## [CS 25.1323 Airspeed indicating system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1323) (See AMC 25.1323) For each airspeed indicating system, the following apply: [AMC 25.1323(d) Airspeed indicating system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1323#amc-25-1323-d) [AMC 25.1323(e) Airspeed indicating system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1323#amc-25-1323-e) [AMC 25.1323(h) Airspeed indicating system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1323#amc-25-1323-h) 25. ## [CS 25.1324 Flight instrument external probes](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1324) (See AMC 25.1324) Each flight instrument external probes systems, including, but not necessarily limited to, pitot tubes, pitot-static tubes, static… [AMC 25.1324 Flight instrument external probes](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1324#amc-25-1324) 26. ## [CS 25.1325 Static pressure systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1325) Each instrument with static air case connections must be vented to the outside atmosphere through an appropriate piping system. 27. ## [CS 25.1326 Flight instrument external probes heating systems alert](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1326) (See AMC 25.1326) If a flight instrument external probe heating system is installed, an alert must be provided to the flight crew when the flight… [AMC 25.1326 Flight instrument external probes heating systems alert](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1326#amc-25-1326) 28. ## [CS 25.1327 Direction Indicator](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1327) (See AMC 25.1327) (a) Each magnetic direction indicator must be installed so that its accuracy is not excessively affected by the aeroplane’s vibration… [AMC 25.1327 Direction Indicator](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1327#amc-25-1327) 29. ## [CS 25.1329 Flight Guidance System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1329) (See AMC Nos. 1 and 2 to CS 25.1329) (a) Quick disengagement controls for the autopilot and autothrust functions must be provided for each pilot. 30. ## [AMC No. 1 to CS 25.1329 Flight Guidance System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/amc-no-1-to-cs-25-1329-flight-guidance-system) 1 PURPOSE This AMC provides interpretative material and acceptable means of compliance with the specifications of CS 25.1329 for Flight Guidance Systems. 31. ## [Appendix A Safety Assessment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/appendix-a) A1 General This section provides material that may be useful in supporting the safety assessment activities identified in Section 13. 32. ## [AMC No.2 to CS 25.1329 Flight Testing of Flight Guidance Systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/amc-no-2-to-cs-25-1329-flight-testing-of-flight-guidance-systems) General Some aspects of a Flight Guidance System (FGS) design may be validated by laboratory testing or by simulation, other aspects may necessitate test… 33. ## [CS 25.1331 Instruments using a power supply](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1331) For each instrument required by CS 25.1303(b) that uses a power supply, the following apply: 34. ## [CS 25.1333 Instrument systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1333) (See AMC 25.1333) (a) For systems that operate the instruments required by CS 25.1303(b), which are located at each pilot’s station, means must be… [AMC 25.1333(b) Instruments systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1333#amc-25-1333-b) 35. ## [CS 25.1337 Powerplant instruments](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1337) Instruments and instrument lines (1) Each powerplant instrument line must meet the requirements of CS 25.993 and CS 25.1183. 36. ## [CS 25.1351 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1351) (See AMC 25.1351) (a) Electrical system capacity. The required generating capacity, and number and kinds of power sources must – (1) Be determined by an… [AMC 25.1351(b)(5) Generating System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1351#amc-25-1351-b-5) [AMC 25.1351(b)(6) Generating System](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1351#amc-25-1351-b-6) [AMC 25.1351(d) Operation without Normal Electrical Power](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1351#amc-25-1351-d) 37. ## [CS 25.1353 Electrical equipment and installations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1353) (See AMC 25.1353) (a) Electrical equipment and controls, must be installed so that operation of any one unit or system of units will not adversely affect… [AMC 25.1353(a) Electrical equipment and installations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1353#amc-25-1353-a) [AMC 25.1353(c)(6)(ii) and (iii) Electrical equipment and installations](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1353#amc-25-1353-c-6-ii) 38. ## [CS 25.1355 Distribution system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1355) (See AMC 25.1355) (a) The distribution system includes the distribution busses, their associated feeders, and each control protective device. [AMC 25.1355(c) Distribution system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1355#amc-25-1355-c) 39. ## [CS 25.1357 Circuit protective devices](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1357) (See AMC 25.1357) (a) Automatic protective devices must be used to minimise distress to the electrical system and hazard to the aeroplane in the event of… [AMC 25.1357(a) Circuit protective devices](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1357#amc-25-1357-a) [AMC 25.1357(f) System Power Removal](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1357#amc-25-1357-f) 40. ## [CS 25.1360 Precautions against injury](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1360) (See AMC 25.1360) (a) Shock. The electrical system must be designed so as to minimise the risk of electric shock to crew, passengers and servicing… [AMC 25.1360(a) Precaution against injury](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1360#amc-25-1360-a) [AMC 25.1360(b) Precaution against injury](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1360#amc-25-1360-b) 41. ## [CS 25.1362 Electrical supplies for emergency conditions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1362) (See AMC 25.1362) A suitable supply must be provided to those services, which are required, in order that emergency procedures may be carried out, after… [AMC 25.1362 Electrical supplies for emergency conditions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1362#amc-25-1362) 42. ## [CS 25.1363 Electrical system tests](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1363) (See AMC 25.1363) (a) Tests must be made to determine that the performance of the electrical supply systems meets the requirements of this CS-25 under… [AMC 25.1363 Electrical systems tests](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1363#amc-25-1363) 43. ## [CS 25.1365 Electrical appliances, motors and transformers](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1365) (See AMC 25.1365) (a) Domestic appliances must be so designed and installed that in the event of failures of the electrical supply or control system, the… [AMC 25.1365 Electrical appliances, motors and transformers](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1365#amc-25-1365) [AMC 25.1365(b) Installation of Cooktops](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1365#amc-25-1365-b) 44. ## [CS 25.1381 Instrument lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1381) The instrument lights must – (1) Provide sufficient illumination to make each instrument, switch and other device necessary for safe operation easily… 45. ## [CS 25.1383 Landing lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1383) Each landing light must be approved, and must be installed so that – (1) No objectionable glare is visible to the pilot; 46. ## [CS 25.1385 Position light system installation](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1385) General. Each part of each position light system must meet the applicable requirements of this paragraph and each system as a whole must meet the… 47. ## [CS 25.1387 Position light system dihedral angles](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1387) Except as provided in sub-paragraph (e) of this paragraph, each forward and rear position light must, as installed, show unbroken light within the… 48. ## [CS 25.1389 Position light distribution and intensities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1389) General. The intensities prescribed in this paragraph must be provided by new equipment with light covers and colour filters in place. 49. ## [CS 25.1391 Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1391) Each position light intensity must equal or exceed the applicable values in the following table: 50. ## [CS 25.1393 Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1393) Each position light intensity must equal or exceed the applicable values in the following table: 51. ## [CS 25.1395 Maximum intensities in over-lapping beams of forward and rear position lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1395) No position light intensity may exceed the applicable values in the following table, except as provided in CS 25.1389(b)(3): 52. ## [CS 25.1397 Colour specifications](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1397) Each position light colour must have the applicable International Commission on Illumination chromaticity co-ordinates as follows: 53. ## [CS 25.1401 Anti-collision light system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1401) General. The aeroplane must have an anticollision light system that – (1) Consists of one or more approved anti-collision lights located so that their… 54. ## [CS 25.1403 Wing icing detection lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1403) (see AMC 25.1403) Unless operations at night in known or forecast icing conditions are prohibited by an operating limitation, a means must be provided… [AMC 25.1403 Wing icing detection lights](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1403#amc-25-1403) 55. ## [CS 25.1411 General](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1411) Accessibility. Required safety equipment to be used by the crew in an emergency must be readily accessible. [AMC 25.1411(f) Life preserver stowage provisions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1411#amc-25-1411-f) 56. ## [CS 25.1415 Ditching equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1415) Ditching equipment used in aeroplanes to be certified for ditching under CS 25.801, and required by the Operating Rules, must meet the requirements of… 57. ## [CS 25.1419 Ice Protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1419) (See AMC 25.1419) If the applicant seeks certification for flight in icing conditions, the aeroplane must be able to safely operate in the continuous… [AMC 25.1419 Ice Protection](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1419#amc-25-1419) 58. ## [CS 25.1420 Supercooled large drop icing conditions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1420) (see AMC 25.1420) (a) If certification for flight in icing conditions is sought, in addition to the requirements of CS 25.1419, the aeroplane must be… [AMC 25.1420 Supercooled large drop icing conditions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1420#amc-25-1420) 59. ## [CS 25.1421 Megaphones](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1421) If a megaphone is installed, a restraining means must be provided that is capable of restraining the megaphone when it is subjected to the ultimate… 60. ## [CS 25.1423 Public address system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1423) A public address system required by operational rules must – (a) Be powerable when the aircraft is in flight or stopped on the ground, after the shutdown… 61. ## [CS 25.1431 Electronic equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1431) In showing compliance with CS 25.1309(a) and (b) with respect to radio and electronic equipment and their installations, critical environmental… 62. ## [CS 25.1433 Vacuum systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1433) There must be means, in addition to the normal pressure relief, to automatically relieve the pressure in the discharge lines from the vacuum air pump… 63. ## [CS 25.1435 Hydraulic Systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1435) (See AMC 25.1435) (a) Element design. Each element of the hydraulic system must be designed to: [AMC 25.1435 Hydraulic Systems - Design, Test, Analysis and Certification](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1435#amc-25-1435) 64. ## [CS 25.1436 Pneumatic systems – high pressure](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1436) (See AMC 25.1436) (a) General. Pneumatic systems which are powered by, and/or used for distributing or storing, air or nitrogen, must comply with the… [AMC 25.1436(b)(3) Pneumatic Systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1436#amc-25-1436-b-3) [AMC 25.1436(c)(2) Pneumatic Systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1436#amc-25-1436-c-2) 65. ## [CS 25.1438 Pressurisation and low pressure pneumatic systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1438) (See AMC 25.1438) Pneumatic systems (ducting and components) served by bleed air, such as engine bleed air, air conditioning, pressurisation, engine… [AMC 25.1438 Pressurisation and low pressure pneumatic systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1438#amc-25-1438) 66. ## [CS 25.1439 Protective breathing equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1439) Fixed (stationary, or built in) protective breathing equipment must be installed for the use of the flight crew, and at least one portable protective… 67. ## [CS 25.1441 Oxygen equipment and supply](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1441) If certification with supplemental oxygen equipment is requested, the equipment must meet the requirements of this paragraph and CS 25.1443 through… [AMC 25.1441(b) Risk assessment related to oxygen fire hazards in gaseous oxygen systems](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1441#amc-25-1441-b) [AMC 25.1441(c) Oxygen chemical generators and small sealed, one-time use gaseous oxygen bottles](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1441#amc-25-1441-c) [AMC 25.1441(d) Oxygen equipment and supply](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1441#amc-25-1441-d) 68. ## [CS 25.1443 Minimum mass flow of supplemental oxygen](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1443) If continuous flow equipment is installed for use by flight-crew members, the minimum mass flow of supplemental oxygen required for each crew member may… [AMC 25.1443(e) Minimum mass flow of portable oxygen equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1443#amc-25-1443-e) 69. ## [CS 25.1445 Equipment standards for the oxygen distributing system](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1445) When oxygen is supplied to both crew and passengers, the distribution system must be designed for either – (1) A source of supply for the flight crew on… 70. ## [CS 25.1447 Equipment standards for oxygen dispensing units](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447) (See AMC 25.1447) If oxygen-dispensing units are installed, the following apply: [AMC 25.1447(c) Equipment standards for oxygen dispensing units](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447#amc-25-1447-c) [AMC 25.1447(c)(1) Equipment standards for oxygen-dispensing units](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447#amc-25-1447-c-1) [AMC 25.1447(c)(2) Equipment standards for oxygen dispensing units](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447#amc-25-1447-c-2) [AMC 25.1447(c)(3) Equipment standards for oxygen-dispensing units](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447#amc-25-1447-c-3) [AMC 25.1447(c)(4) Equipment standards for portable oxygen equipment](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1447#amc-25-1447-c-4) 71. ## [CS 25.1449 Means for determining use of oxygen](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1449) (See AMC 25.1449) There must be a means to allow the crew to determine whether oxygen is being delivered to the dispensing equipment. [AMC 25.1449 Means for determining use of oxygen](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1449#amc-25-1449) 72. ## [CS 25.1450 Chemical oxygen generators](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1450) For the purpose of this paragraph, a chemical oxygen generator is defined as a device, which produces oxygen, by chemical reaction. 73. ## [CS 25.1453 Protection of oxygen equipment from rupture](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1453) Each element of the system, excluding chemical oxygen generators, must have sufficient strength to withstand the maximum working pressures and… 74. ## [CS 25.1455 Draining of fluids subject to freezing](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1455) If fluids subject to freezing may be drained overboard in flight or during ground operation, the drains must be designed and located to prevent the… 75. ## [CS 25.1457 Cockpit voice recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1457) (See AMC 25.1457) (a) Each cockpit voice recorder required by the operating rules must be approved and must be installed so that it will record the… [AMC 25.1457 Cockpit voice recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1457#amc-25-1457) 76. ## [CS 25.1459 Flight data recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1459) (See AMC 25.1459) (a) Each flight data recorder required by the operating rules must be approved and must be installed so that – (1) It is supplied with… [AMC 25.1459 Flight data recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1459#amc-25-1459) 77. ## [CS 25.1460 Data link recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1460) (See AMC 25.1460) (a) Each recorder performing the data link recording function required by the operating rules must be approved and must be installed so… [AMC 25.1460 Data link recorders](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1460#amc-25-1460) 78. ## [CS 25.1461 Equipment containing high-energy rotors](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-25/subpart-f/cs-25-1461) Equipment containing high energy rotors must meet sub-paragraph (b), (c) or (d) of this paragraph. Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 26 Jan 2023, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use. Share [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https%3A%2F%2Favioverse.aero%2Fregulations%2Feasa%2Fcs-25%2Fsubpart-f)[X](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Favioverse.aero%2Fregulations%2Feasa%2Fcs-25%2Fsubpart-f\&text=SUBPART%20F%20%E2%80%93%20EQUIPMENT%20%E2%80%94%20CS-25)