---
title: "CS 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads — CS-23 · Avioverse"
description: "Unless special or other factors of safety are necessary to meet the requirements of this Subpart, the applicant must determine:"
url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-23/subpart-c/cs-23-2230"
---

# CS 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

Normal-Category Aeroplanes (CS-23) · CS-23 · EAR revision 13 May 2026

IR Implementing rule

## CS 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

(a) Unless special or other factors of safety are necessary to meet the requirements of this Subpart, the applicant must determine:

(1) the limit loads, which are equal to the structural design loads; and

(2) the ultimate loads, which are equal to the limit loads multiplied by a 1.5 factor of safety, unless otherwise provided.

(b) Some strength specifications are specified in terms of ultimate loads only, when permanent detrimental deformation is acceptable.

IR · CS 23.2230 — CS-23 · ED Decision 2017/013/R · CS-23 Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 13 May 2026

AMC Acceptable means of compliance

## AMC1 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

ASTM F44 F3264 Standard Specification for Normal Category Aeroplanes Certification

6.7 Limit and Ultimate Loads

F3114-21 Standard Specification for Structures

F3408/F3408M-21 Standard Specification for Aircraft Emergency Parachute Recovery Systems \[AMC & GM to CS-23: Issue 4]

\[AMC & GM to CS-23: Issue 5]

AMC · AMC1 23.2230 — CS-23 · ED Decision 2026/003/R · CS-23 Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 13 May 2026

AMC Acceptable means of compliance

## AMC2 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

CS-23 Amdt 4

23.301(a) Loads

23.303 Factors of safety

AMC · AMC2 23.2230 — CS-23 · ED Decision 2017/025/R · CS-23 Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 13 May 2026

AMC Acceptable means of compliance

## AMC3 23.2230 Limit and ultimate loads

CS VLA Amdt 1

VLA.301 Loads

VLA.303 Factors of safety

AMC · AMC3 23.2230 — CS-23 · ED Decision 2017/025/R · CS-23 Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 13 May 2026

[All rules in SUBPART C — STRUCTURES](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/cs-23/subpart-c)

Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 13 May 2026, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use.