--- title: "AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training – Area control surveillance rating (ACS) training — INITIAL TRAINING CONTENT, ATCO — COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2015/340 — extract 3 · Avioverse" description: "SUBJECT 3: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT The subject objective is: Learners shall manage air traffic to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious services." url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/atco/initial-training-content/commission-regulation-eu-2015-340/amc1-atco-d-010-a-2-v-4" --- # AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training – Area control surveillance rating (ACS) training INITIAL TRAINING CONTENT · Regulation (EU) 2015/340 · EAR revision 14 Jun 2024 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training – Area control surveillance rating (ACS) training SUBJECT 3: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT The subject objective is: Learners shall manage air traffic to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious services. \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.1.1 | Appreciate own area of responsibility. | 3 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.1.2 | Provide area control service. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 11, ICAO Doc 7030, ICAO Doc 4444, operation manuals | ACP ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.2.1 | Provide FIS. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.2.2 | Use an ATS surveillance system in the provision of FIS. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, information to identified aircraft concerning: traffic, navigation Optional content: weather | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.2.3 | Issue appropriate information concerning the position of conflicting traffic. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, traffic information, essential traffic information | APS ACS APP ACP | | Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.3.1 | Provide ALRS. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.3.2 | Respond to distress and urgency messages and signals. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 10, ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: EUROCONTROL Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.3.3 | Use an ATS surveillance system in the provision of ALRS. | 3 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.4.1 | Appreciate the impact of ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management on the controller. | 3 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route airspace, local implementation of ATFCM principles, etc. | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.2 | Apply flow management procedures in the provision of ATC. | 3 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.3 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of airspace boundaries. | 4 | Optional content: civil and military, controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, restricted, danger, prohibited, special rules, [sector](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/sector) boundaries, national boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.4 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of areas of responsibility. | 4 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.5 | Inform supervisor of local factors affecting ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management. | 3 | Optional content: abnormal situations, decrease in sector capacity, limitations on systems and equipment, changes in workload/capacity, unusual meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.6 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of ATS surveillance system capability. | 4 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.5.1 | Appreciate the impact of ASM on the controller. | 3 | Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL Specification for the application of FUA, TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.5.2 | Organise traffic to take account of ASM. | 4 | Real-time activation, deactivation or reallocation of airspace Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.1.1 | Appreciate own area of responsibility. | 3 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.1.2 | Provide area control service. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373, operating procedures for the simulated/training environment | ACP ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.2.1 | Provide FIS. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.2.2 | Use an ATS surveillance system in the provision of FIS. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373, information to identified aircraft concerning: traffic, navigation Optional content: weather | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.2.3 | Issue appropriate information concerning the position of conflicting traffic. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373, traffic information, essential traffic information | APS ACS APP ACP | | ACS ATM 1.2.4 | Appreciate the use of ATIS in the provision of FIS. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.3.1 | Provide ALRS. | 4 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.3.2 | Respond to distress and urgency messages and signals. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 10 Optional content: EUROCONTROL Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 1.3.3 | Use an ATS surveillance system in the provision of ALRS. | 3 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.4.1 | Appreciate the impact of the ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management on the controller. | 3 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route airspace, local implementation of ATFCM principles, etc. | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.2 | Apply flow management procedures in the provision of ATC. | 3 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual | ACP ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.3 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of airspace boundaries. | 4 | Optional content: civil and military, controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, restricted, danger, prohibited, special rules, sector boundaries, national boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.4 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of areas of responsibility. | 4 | Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.5 | Inform the supervisor of local factors affecting the ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management. | 3 | Optional content: abnormal situations, decrease in sector capacity, limitations on systems and equipment, changes in workload/capacity, unusual meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.4.6 | Organise traffic flows and patterns to take account of the ATS surveillance system capability. | 4 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM) | | | | | | ACS ATM 1.5.1 | Appreciate the impact of ASM on the controller. | 3 | Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL Specification for the application of FUA, TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 1.5.2 | Organise traffic to take account of ASM. | 4 | Real-time activation, deactivation or reallocation of airspace Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION | | | | | | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------- | - | ----------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication | | | | | | ACS ATM 2.1.1 | Use approved phraseology. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | ALL | | ACS ATM 2.1.2 | Ensure effective communication. | 4 | Communication techniques, readback/verification of readback | ALL | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION | | | | | | ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication | | | | | | ACS ATM 2.1.1 | List the means of communication between controllers. | 1 | Optional content: electronic, written, verbal and non-verbal communication | ALL | | ACS ATM 2.1.2 | Select the most suitable means of communication given the situation. | 5 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 2.1.3 | Use approved phraseology. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: published national/local language phraseology | ALL | | ACS ATM 2.1.4 | Ensure effective communication. | 4 | Use of plain language when required, communication within the sector/working position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units, readback/verification of readback | ALL | | ACS ATM 2.1.5 | Analyse examples of pilot–controller communication for effectiveness. | 4 | Optional content: real-life recordings, situation in the [simulator](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/simulator) | ALL | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances | | | | | | ACS ATM 3.1.1 | Issue appropriate ATC clearances. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.1.2 | Integrate appropriate ATC clearances in control service. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.1.3 | Ensure the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions | | | | | | ACS ATM 3.2.1 | Issue appropriate ATC instructions. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.2.2 | Integrate appropriate ATC instructions in control service. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.2.3 | Ensure the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | - | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances | | | | | | ACS ATM 3.1.1 | Issue appropriate ATC clearances. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.1.2 | Integrate appropriate ATC clearances into the control service. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.1.3 | Ensure that the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions | | | | | | ACS ATM 3.2.1 | Issue appropriate ATC instructions. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national documents | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.2.2 | Integrate appropriate ATC instructions into the control service. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 3.2.3 | Ensure that the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.1.1 | Identify the need for coordination. | 3 | | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.2.1 | Use the available tools for coordination. | 3 | Optional content: electronic transfer of flight data, telephone, interphone, intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone (RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.3.1 | Initiate appropriate coordination. | 3 | Delegation/transfer of responsibility for air–ground communications and separation, transfer of control, etc., ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: release point | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.2 | Analyse effect of coordination requested by an adjacent position/unit. | 4 | Optional content: delegation/transfer of responsibility for air–ground communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.3 | Select, after negotiation, an appropriate course of action. | 5 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.4 | Ensure the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.5 | Coordinate when providing FIS. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.6 | Coordinate when providing ALRS. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.1.1 | Identify the need for coordination. | 3 | | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.2.1 | Use the available tools for coordination. | 3 | Optional content: electronic transfer of flight data, telephone, interphone, intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone (RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 4.3.1 | Initiate appropriate coordination. | 3 | Delegation/transfer of responsibility for air–ground communications and separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: release point | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.2 | Analyse the effect of coordination requested by an adjacent position/unit. | 4 | Optional content: delegation/transfer of responsibility for air–ground communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.3 | Select, after negotiation, an appropriate course of action. | 5 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.4 | Ensure that the agreed course of action is carried out. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.5 | Coordinate when providing FIS. | 4 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | | ACS ATM 4.3.6 | Coordinate when providing ALRS. | 4 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION | | | | | | -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | | Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry | | | | | | ACS ATM 5.1.1 | Allocate levels according to altimetry data. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | ALL | | ACS ATM 5.1.2 | Ensure separation according to altimetry data. | 4 | Optional content: transition level, transition altitude, transition layer, height, flight level, altitude, vertical distance to airspace boundaries | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance | | | | | | ACS ATM 5.2.1 | Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the rules for minimum safe levels and terrain clearance. | 4 | Optional content: minimum vectoring altitude, terrain clearance dimensions, minimum safe altitudes, transition level, minimum flight level, minimum sector altitude | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION | | | | | | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | | Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry | | | | | | ACS ATM 5.1.1 | Allocate levels according to altimetry data. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | ALL | | ACS ATM 5.1.2 | Ensure separation according to altimetry data. | 4 | Optional content: transition level, transition altitude, transition layer, height, flight level, altitude, vertical distance to airspace boundaries | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance | | | | | | ACS ATM 5.2.1 | Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the rules for minimum usable levels and terrain clearance. | 4 | Optional content: minimum vectoring altitude, terrain clearance dimensions, minimum safe altitudes, transition level, minimum flight level, minimum sector altitude | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATIONS | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.1.1 | Provide standard vertical separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, level allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, RVSM, non-RVSM aircraft, holding pattern | ACP ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.2 | Provide increased vertical separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: level allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.3 | Appreciate the application of emergency vertical separation. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.4 | Provide vertical separation in a surveillance environment. | 4 | Pressure altitude-derived information, pilot-level reports Optional content: into/out of ATS surveillance system coverage | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.2.1 | Provide longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment. | 4 | Successive departures, successive arrivals, overflights, speed control, Mach number techniques, silent transfer, ICAO Doc 4444 | ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Wake turbulence distance-based separation | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.3.1 | Provide distance-based wake turbulence separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: EASA SIB 2017-10 ‘En-route Wake Turbulence Encounters’, national documents | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.4 — Separation based on ATS surveillance systems | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.4.1 | Describe how separation based on ATS surveillance systems is applied. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.2 | Provide horizontal separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030, local operation manuals, holding | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.3 | Provide horizontal separation by vectoring in a variety of situations. | 4 | Optional content: transit, meteorological phenomena, vectoring for approach, departure versus transit versus arrival | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.4 | Ensure horizontal or vertical separation from airspace boundaries. | 4 | Adjacent sectors, restricted, prohibited and danger areas, TSAs. | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.1.1 | Provide standard vertical separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, level allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, RVSM, non-RVSM aircraft, holding pattern | ACP ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.2 | Provide increased vertical separation. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: level allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.3 | Appreciate the application of emergency vertical separation. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.1.4 | Provide vertical separation in a surveillance environment. | 4 | Pressure altitude-derived information, pilot-level reports Optional content: into/out of ATS surveillance system coverage | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.2.1 | Provide longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment. | 4 | Successive departures, successive arrivals, overflights, speed control, Mach number techniques, silent transfer, ICAO Doc 4444 | ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Wake turbulence distance-based separation | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.3.1 | Provide distance-based wake turbulence separation. | 4 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: EASA SIB 2017-10 ‘En-route Wake Turbulence Encounters’, national documents | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 6.4 — Separation based on ATS surveillance systems | | | | | | ACS ATM 6.4.1 | Describe how separation based on ATS surveillance systems is applied. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.2 | Provide horizontal separation. | 4 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: local/simulator operation manuals, holding | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.3 | Provide horizontal separation by vectoring in a variety of situations. | 4 | Optional content: transit, meteorological phenomena, vectoring for approach, departure versus transit versus arrival | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 6.4.4 | Ensure horizontal or vertical separation from airspace boundaries. | 4 | Adjacent sectors, restricted, prohibited and danger areas, TSAs. | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | | Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne collision avoidance systems | | | | | | ACS ATM 7.1.1 | Differentiate between ACAS advisory thresholds and separation standards applicable in the area control environment. | 2 | ICAO Doc 9863 Optional content: EUROCONTROL TCAS web page | ACP ACS | | ACS ATM 7.1.2 | Describe the controller responsibility during and following an ACAS RA reported by pilot. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | | ACS ATM 7.1.3 | Respond to pilot notification of actions based on airborne systems warnings. | 3 | ACAS, TAWS Optional content: EUROCONTROL ACAS web page | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 7.2 — Ground-based safety nets | | | | | | ACS ATM 7.2.1 | Describe the controller responsibility during and following safety net warnings. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APM | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 7.2.2 | Respond to ground-based safety net warnings. | 3 | Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APM | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets | | | | | | ACS ATM 7.1.1 | Recognise the independence of ACAS thresholds from ATC separation standards. | 1 | ICAO Doc 9863 Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets | ALL | | ACS ATM 7.1.2 | Describe the controller responsibility during and following an ACAS RA reported by a pilot. | 2 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets | ALL | | ACS ATM 7.1.3 | Respond to pilot notification of actions based on airborne systems warnings. | 3 | ACAS Optional content: TAWS, Skybrary Safety Nets | APP APS ACP ACS | | Subtopic ATM 7.2 — Ground-based safety nets | | | | | | ACS ATM 7.2.1 | Describe the controller responsibility during and following safety net warnings. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, STCA, MSAW, APW, APM | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 7.2.2 | Respond to ground-based safety net warnings. | 3 | Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APM | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY | | | | | | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management | | | | | | ACS ATM 8.1.1 | Update the data display to accurately reflect the traffic situation. | 3 | Optional content: information displayed, strip-marking procedures, electronic information data displays, actions based on traffic display information, calculation of EETs | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.2 | Analyse pertinent data on data displays. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.3 | Organise pertinent data on data displays. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.4 | Obtain flight plan information. | 3 | CPL, FPL, supplementary information Optional content: RPL, AFIL, etc. | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.5 | Use flight plan information. | 3 | | ALL | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY | | | | | | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --- | | Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management | | | | | | ACS ATM 8.1.1 | Update the data display to accurately reflect the traffic situation. | 3 | Optional content: information displayed, strip-marking procedures, electronic information data displays, actions based on traffic display information, calculation of EETs | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.2 | Analyse pertinent data on data displays. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.3 | Organise pertinent data on data displays. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.4 | Obtain flight plan information. | 3 | CPL, supplementary information Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. | ALL | | ACS ATM 8.1.5 | Use flight plan information. | 3 | | ALL | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.1.1 | Obtain information concerning the operational environment. | 3 | Optional content: briefing, notices, local orders, verification of information | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.1.2 | Ensure the integrity of the operational environment. | 4 | Optional content: integrity of displays, verification of the information provided by displays, etc. | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.2.1 | Check all relevant documentation before managing traffic. | 3 | Optional content: briefing, letters of agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.2.2 | Manage traffic in accordance with a change to operational procedures. | 4 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.3.1 | Transfer information to the relieving controller. | 3 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.3.2 | Obtain information from the controller handing over. | 3 | | ALL | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.1.1 | Obtain information concerning the operational environment. | 3 | Optional content: local/simulator operation manuals, briefing, notices, current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination, verification of information | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.1.2 | Ensure the integrity of the operational environment. | 4 | Optional content: integrity of displays, verification of the information provided by displays, etc. | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.2.1 | Check all relevant documentation before managing traffic. | 3 | Optional content: briefing, letters of agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.2.2 | Manage traffic in accordance with a change to operational procedures. | 4 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover | | | | | | ACS ATM 9.3.1 | Transfer information to the relieving controller. | 3 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.3.2 | Obtain information from the controller handing over. | 3 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.3.3 | List possible actions to provide a safe position handover–takeover. | 1 | Optional content: rigour, preparation, overlap time | ALL | | ACS ATM 9.3.4 | Explain the consequences of a missed position handover–takeover. | 2 | | ALL | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility and processing of information | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.1.1 | Describe the division of responsibility among air traffic control units. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.1.2 | Describe the responsibility in regard to military traffic. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.1.3 | Describe the responsibility in regard to unmanned free balloons. | 2 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.4 | Obtain operational information. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, local operation manuals | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.5 | Interpret operational information. | 5 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.6 | Organise forwarding of operational information. | 4 | Optional content: including the use of backup procedures | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.7 | Integrate operational information into control decisions. | 4 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.8 | Appreciate the influence of operational requirements. | 3 | Optional content: military flying, calibration flights, aerial photography | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 10.2 — ATS surveillance service | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.2.1 | Explain the responsibility for the provision of ATS surveillance service appropriate to ACS [rating](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/rating). | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 11, local operation manuals | ACS | | ACS ATM 10.2.2 | Explain the functions that may be performed with the use of ATS surveillance system derived information presented on a situation display. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.2.3 | Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to VFR and IFR traffic in VMC and IMC. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 11, ICAO Doc 4444 | ACS APP ACP APS | | ACS ATM 10.2.4 | Apply the procedures for termination of ATS surveillance service. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: transfer of control, termination or interruption of ATS surveillance service | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.3.1 | Ensure that situational awareness is maintained. | 4 | Information gathering, scanning, traffic projection | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.2 | Detect conflicts in time for appropriate resolution. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.3 | Identify potential solutions to achieve a safe and effective traffic flow. | 3 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.4 | Evaluate possible outcomes of different planning and control actions. | 5 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.5 | Select an appropriate plan in time to achieve safe and effective traffic flow. | 5 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.6 | Ensure an adequate priority of actions. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.7 | Execute selected plan in a timely manner. | 3 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.8 | Ensure a safe and efficient outcome is achieved. | 4 | Traffic monitoring, adaptability and follow-up | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.4.1 | Manage arrivals, departures and overflights. | 4 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.2 | Balance the workload against personal capacity. | 5 | Optional content: rerouting, replanning, prioritising solutions, denying requests, delegating responsibility for separation | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.3 | Define flight path monitoring and vectoring. | 1 | ICAO Doc 4444 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.4 | Explain the requirements for vectoring and termination of vectoring. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.5 | Provide vectoring. | 4 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: separation, expediting arrivals, departures and/or climb to cruising levels, aircraft leaving the hold, navigation assistance, uncontrolled airspace, etc. | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.6 | Apply the procedures for termination of vectoring. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 10.5 — Control service with advanced system support | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.5.1 | Appreciate the impact of advanced systems on the provision of area control service. | 3 | Optional content: sequencing systems, automated holding lists, vertical traffic displays, conflict detection and decision-making tools, automated information and coordination tools | ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision of control service and the processing of information | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.1.1 | Describe the division of responsibility among air traffic control units. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.1.2 | Describe the responsibility in regard to military traffic. | 2 | ICAO Doc 4444 Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.1.3 | Describe the responsibility in regard to unmanned free balloons. | 2 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.1.4 | Interpret operational information. | 5 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.5 | Organise forwarding of operational information. | 4 | Optional content: including the use of backup procedures | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.6 | Integrate operational information into control decisions. | 4 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.1.7 | Appreciate the influence of operational requirements. | 3 | Optional content: military flying, calibration flights, aerial photography | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 10.2 — ATS surveillance service | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.2.1 | Explain the responsibility for the provision of ATS surveillance service appropriate to ACS rating. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 Optional content: local/simulator operation manuals | ACS | | ACS ATM 10.2.2 | Explain the functions that may be performed with the use of ATS surveillance system derived information presented on a situation display. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.2.3 | Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to VFR and IFR traffic in VMC and IMC. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 11, ICAO Doc 4444 | ACS ACP | | ACS ATM 10.2.4 | Apply the procedures for the termination of ATS surveillance service. | 3 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, transfer of control, termination or interruption of ATS surveillance service | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.3.1 | Ensure that situational awareness is maintained. | 4 | Information gathering, scanning, traffic projection | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.2 | Detect conflicts in time for appropriate resolution. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.3 | Identify potential solutions to achieve a safe and effective traffic flow. | 3 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.4 | Evaluate possible outcomes of different planning and control actions. | 5 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.5 | Select an appropriate plan in time to achieve safe and effective traffic flow. | 5 | | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.3.6 | Ensure an adequate priority of actions. | 4 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.7 | Execute the selected plan in a timely manner. | 3 | | ALL | | ACS ATM 10.3.8 | Ensure that a safe and efficient outcome is achieved. | 4 | Traffic monitoring, adaptability and follow-up | ALL | | Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.4.1 | Manage arrivals, departures and overflights. | 4 | Optional content: simulator operation procedures | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.2 | Balance the workload against personal capacity. | 5 | Optional content: rerouting, replanning, prioritising solutions, denying requests, delegating responsibility for separation | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.3 | Define flight path monitoring and vectoring. | 1 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.4 | Explain the requirements for vectoring and termination of vectoring. | 2 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.5 | Provide vectoring. | 4 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: separation, expediting arrivals, departures and/or climb to cruising levels, aircraft leaving the hold, navigation assistance, uncontrolled airspace, etc. | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 10.4.6 | Apply the procedures for the termination of vectoring. | 3 | Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 10.5 — Control service with advanced system support | | | | | | ACS ATM 10.5.1 | Appreciate the impact of advanced systems on the provision of area control service. | 3 | Optional content: sequencing systems, automated holding lists, vertical traffic displays, conflict detection and decision-making tools, automated information and coordination tools | ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | - | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 11.1 — General holding procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.1.1 | Apply holding procedures. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, holding instructions, allocation of holding levels, onward clearance times | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 11.1.2 | Appreciate the factors affecting holding patterns. | 3 | Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect of navigation aid in use, turbulence, aircraft type | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Holding aircraft | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.2.1 | Issue expected onward clearance times. | 3 | | ACP ACS | | Subtopic ATM 11.3 — Holding in a surveillance environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.3.1 | Organise traffic to separate other aircraft from holding aircraft. | 4 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 11.3.2 | Integrate system support, when available. | 4 | Optional content: arrival management system, automated holding lists, vertical traffic displays | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | | Subtopic ATM 11.1 — Holding procedures | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.1.1 | Apply holding procedures. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) 2017/373, holding instructions, allocation of holding levels, onward clearance times | APP ACP APS ACS | | ACS ATM 11.1.2 | Appreciate the factors affecting holding patterns. | 3 | Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect of navigation aid in use, turbulence, aircraft type | APP ACP APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Holding aircraft | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.2.1 | Issue expected onward clearance times. | 3 | | ACP ACS | | Subtopic ATM 11.3 — Holding in a surveillance environment | | | | | | ACS ATM 11.3.1 | Organise traffic to separate other aircraft from holding aircraft. | 4 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 11.3.2 | Integrate system support, when available. | 4 | Optional content: arrival management system, automated holding lists, vertical traffic displays | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] | TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------- | | Subtopic ATM 12.1 — Establishment of identification | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.1.1 | Appreciate the precautions when establishing identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.1.2 | Identify aircraft. | 3 | Optional content: PSR, SSR or ADS identification method | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.1.3 | Apply the procedures in the case of misidentification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.2 — Maintenance of identification | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.2.1 | Appreciate the necessity to maintain identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.3 — Loss of identity | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.3.1 | Appreciate when an aircraft identification is lost or in doubt. | 3 | Optional content: out of ATS surveillance system coverage, failure of ATS surveillance system, weather clutter, other clutter, garbling, holding, etc. | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.3.2 | Apply methods to re-establish identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.3.3 | Respond to loss/doubt concerning identification. | 3 | Optional content: procedural separation | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.4 — Position information | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.4.1 | Appreciate the circumstances when position information should be passed on to aircraft. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.4.2 | State the format in which position information can be passed on to aircraft. | 1 | ICAO Doc 4444 | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.5 — Transfer of identity | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.5.1 | Apply the methods of transfer of identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.5.2 | Appreciate the precautions when transferring identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | \[applicable until 3 August 2024 - ED Decision 2019/023/R] | TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------- | | Subtopic ATM 12.1 — Establishment of identification | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.1.1 | Appreciate the precautions when establishing identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.1.2 | Identify aircraft. | 3 | Optional content: PSR, SSR or ADS identification method | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.1.3 | Apply the procedures for misidentification. | 3 | ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 Optional content: local/simulator operation manuals | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.2 — Maintenance of identification | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.2.1 | Appreciate the necessity to maintain identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.3 — Loss of identity | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.3.1 | Appreciate when an aircraft identification is lost or in doubt. | 3 | Optional content: out of ATS surveillance system coverage, failure of ATS surveillance system, weather clutter, other clutter, garbling, holding, etc. | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.3.2 | Apply methods to re-establish identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.3.3 | Respond to loss/doubt concerning identification. | 3 | Optional content: procedural separation | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.4 — Position information | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.4.1 | Appreciate the circumstances when position information should be passed on to aircraft. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.4.2 | State the format in which position information can be passed on to aircraft. | 1 | Regulation (EU) 2017/373 | APS ACS | | Subtopic ATM 12.5 — Transfer of identity | | | | | | ACS ATM 12.5.1 | Apply the methods of transfer of identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | | ACS ATM 12.5.2 | Appreciate the precautions when transferring identification. | 3 | | APS ACS | \[applicable from 4 August 2024 - ED Decision 2023/011/R] AMC · AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) — Regulation (EU) 2015/340 · ED Decision 2023/011/R · ATCO Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 14 Jun 2024 [All rules in COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2015/340](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/atco/initial-training-content/commission-regulation-eu-2015-340) Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 14 Jun 2024, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use.