--- title: "ORO.FTL.100 – CS FTL.1.235: SUBPART FTL: FLIGHT AND DUTY TIME LIMITATIONS AND REST REQUIREMENTS (Part-ORO) — rule index · Avioverse" description: "ORO.FTL.100 – CS FTL.1.235, Regulation (EU) No 965/2012. This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an air operator and its flight and cabin…" url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl" --- # SUBPART FTL: FLIGHT AND DUTY TIME LIMITATIONS AND REST REQUIREMENTS ANNEX III (Part-ORO) · Air Operations · Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ORO.FTL.100 – CS FTL.1.235 On this page 1. ## [ORO.FTL.100 Scope](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-100) This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an air operator and its flight and cabin crew (aircrew) members with regard to flight and duty… 2. ## [ORO.FTL.105 Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105) For the purpose of this Subpart, the following definitions shall apply: [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(1) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-1) [GM2 ORO.FTL.105(1) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm2-oro-ftl-105-1) [GM3 ORO.FTL.105(1) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm3-oro-ftl-105-1) [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(2) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-2) [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(3) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-3) [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(8) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-8) [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(10) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-10) [GM1 ORO.FTL.105(17) Definitions](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-105#gm1-oro-ftl-105-17) 3. ## [ORO.FTL.110 Operator responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-110) An operator shall: publish duty rosters sufficiently in advance to provide the opportunity for crew members to plan adequate rest; [AMC1 ORO.FTL.110 Operator responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-110#amc1-oro-ftl-110) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.110(a) Operator responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-110#amc1-oro-ftl-110-a) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.110(j) Operator responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-110#amc1-oro-ftl-110-j) [GM1 ORO.FTL.110(j) Operator responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-110#gm1-oro-ftl-110-j) 4. ## [ORO.FTL.115 Crew member responsibilities](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-115) Crew members shall: comply with point CAT.GEN.MPA.100(b) of Annex IV (Part-CAT); 5. ## [ORO.FTL.120 Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120) When FRM is required by this Subpart or an applicable certification specification, the operator shall establish, implement and maintain a FRM as an… [GM1 ORO.FTL.120 Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#gm1-oro-ftl-120) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(1) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-1) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(2) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-2) [AMC2 ORO.FTL.120(b)(2) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc2-oro-ftl-120-b-2) [GM1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(3) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#gm1-oro-ftl-120-b-3) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(4) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-4) [AMC2 ORO.FTL.120(b)(4) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc2-oro-ftl-120-b-4) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(5) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-5) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(6) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-6) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.120(b)(7) Fatigue risk management (FRM)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-120#amc1-oro-ftl-120-b-7) 6. ## [ORO.FTL.125 Flight time specification schemes](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-125) Operators shall establish, implement and maintain flight time specification schemes that are appropriate for the type(s) of operation performed and that… 7. ## [ORO.FTL.200 Home base](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-200) An operator shall assign a home base to each crew member. 8. ## [ORO.FTL.205 Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-205) The operator shall: define reporting times appropriate to each individual operation taking into account ORO.FTL.110(c); [GM1 ORO.FTL.205(a)(1) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-205#gm1-oro-ftl-205-a-1) [GM1 ORO.FTL.205(b)(1) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-205#gm1-oro-ftl-205-b-1) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.205(f) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-205#amc1-oro-ftl-205-f) [GM1 ORO.FTL.205(f)(1)(i) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-205#gm1-oro-ftl-205-f-1-i) 9. ## [ORO.FTL.210 Flight times and duty periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-210) The total duty periods to which a crew member may be assigned shall not exceed: [AMC1 ORO.FTL.210(c) Flight times and duty periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-210#amc1-oro-ftl-210-c) 10. ## [ORO.FTL.215 Positioning](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-215) If an operator positions a crew member, the following shall apply: 11. ## [ORO.FTL.220 Split duty](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-220) The conditions for extending the basic maximum daily FDP due to a break on the ground shall be in accordance with the following: 12. ## [ORO.FTL.225 Standby and duties at the airport](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-225) If an operator assigns crew members to standby or to any duty at the airport, the following shall apply in accordance with the certification… 13. ## [ORO.FTL.230 Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-230) If an operator assigns crew members to reserve, the following requirements shall apply in accordance with the certification specifications applicable to… [GM1 ORO.FTL.230(a) Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-230#gm1-oro-ftl-230-a) 14. ## [ORO.FTL.235 Rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-235) Minimum rest period at home base. The minimum rest period provided before undertaking an FDP starting at home base shall be at least as long as the… [GM1 ORO.FTL.235(a)(2) Rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-235#gm1-oro-ftl-235-a-2) [AMC1 ORO.FTL.235(b) Rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-235#amc1-oro-ftl-235-b) 15. ## [ORO.FTL.240 Nutrition](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-240) During the FDP there shall be the opportunity for a meal and drink in order to avoid any detriment to a crew member’s performance, especially when the… [AMC1 ORO.FTL.240 Nutrition](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-240#amc1-oro-ftl-240) 16. ## [ORO.FTL.245 Records of home base, flight times, duty and rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-245) An operator shall maintain, for a period of 24 months: individual records for each crew member including: 17. ## [ORO.FTL.250 Fatigue management training](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-250) The operator shall provide initial and recurrent fatigue management training to crew members, personnel responsible for preparation and maintenance of… [AMC1 ORO.FTL.250 Fatigue management training](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/oro-ftl-250#amc1-oro-ftl-250) 18. ## [CS FTL.1.100 Applicability](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-100) These Certification Specifications are applicable to commercial air transport by aeroplanes for scheduled and charter operations, excluding emergency… 19. ## [CS FTL.1.200 Home base](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-200) The home base is a single airport location assigned with a high degree of permanence. 20. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.200 Home base](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-200-home-base) TRAVELLING TIME Crew members should consider making arrangements for temporary accommodation closer to their home base if the travelling time from their… 21. ## [CS FTL.1.205 Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-205) Night duties and late finish duties under the provisions of points ORO.FTL.205(b) and (d) comply with the following: 22. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.205(a)(2) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-205-a-2-flight-duty-period-fdp) APPROPRIATE FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT (APPROPRIATE FRM) The term ‘appropriate FRM’ is a term chosen to refer to a set of principles and tools that support… 23. ## [GM2 CS FTL.1.205(a)(2) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm2-cs-ftl-1-205-a-2-flight-duty-period-fdp) NIGHT DUTIES AND LATE FINISH DUTIES — APPROPRIATE FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT (APPROPRIATE FRM) (a) The operator should apply appropriate FRM to night duties… 24. ## [GM3 CS FTL.1.205(a)(2) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm3-cs-ftl-1-205-a-2-flight-duty-period-fdp) NIGHT DUTIES AND LATE FINISH DUTIES — APPROPRIATE FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT (APPROPRIATE FRM) (a) When rostering night duties, it is critical for the crew… 25. ## [GM4 CS FTL.1.205(a)(2) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm4-cs-ftl-1-205-a-2-flight-duty-period-fdp) CONSECUTIVE NIGHT DUTIES AND CONSECUTIVE LATE FINISH DUTIES — APPROPRIATE FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT (APPROPRIATE FRM) Appropriate FRM that may be applied… 26. ## [GM5 CS FTL.1.205(a)(2) Flight duty period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm5-cs-ftl-1-205-a-2-flight-duty-period-fdp) APPROPRIATE FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT (APPROPRIATE FRM) — THE PRIOR SLEEP WAKE MODEL (a) The Prior Sleep Wake model (PSWM) is a simple method that may be… 27. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.205(c)(1)(ii) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-205-c-1-ii-flight-duty-period-fdp) IN-FLIGHT REST In-flight rest should be taken during the cruise phase of the flight. 28. ## [GM2 CS FTL.1.205(c)(1)(ii) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm2-cs-ftl-1-205-c-1-ii-flight-duty-period-fdp) IN-FLIGHT REST In-flight rest periods should be allocated in order to optimise the alertness of those flight crew members at control during landing. 29. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.205(d) Flight Duty Period (FDP)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-205-d-flight-duty-period-fdp) DELAYED REPORTING Operator procedures for delayed reporting should: 30. ## [CS FTL.1.220 Split duty](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-220) The increase of limits on flight duty, under the provisions of ORO.FTL.220, complies with the following: 31. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.220(b) Split duty](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-220-b-split-duty) POST, PRE-FLIGHT DUTY AND TRAVELLING TIMES The operator should specify post and pre-flight duty and travelling times taking into account aircraft type… 32. ## [CS FTL.1.225 Standby](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-225) The modification of limits on flight duty, duty and rest periods under the provisions of ORO.FTL.225 complies with the following: 33. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.225 Standby](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-225-standby) MINIMUM REST AND STANDBY (a) If airport or other standby initially assigned is reduced by the operator during standby that does not lead to an assignment… 34. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.225(b) Standby](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-225-b-standby) STANDBY OTHER THAN AIRPORT STANDBY NOTIFICATION Operator procedures for the notification of assigned duties during standby other than airport standby… 35. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.225(b)(2) Standby](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-225-b-2-standby) AWAKE TIME Scientific research shows that continuous awake in excess of 18 hours can reduce the alertness and should be avoided. 36. ## [CS FTL.1.230 Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-230) The operator assigns duties to a crew member on reserve under the provisions of ORO.FTL.230 complying with the following: 37. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.230 Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-230-reserve) RESERVE NOTIFICATION Operator procedures for the notification of assigned duties during reserve should avoid interference with sleeping patterns if… 38. ## [GM2 CS FTL.1.230 Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm2-cs-ftl-1-230-reserve) NOTIFICATION IN ADVANCE The minimum 'at least 10 hours' between the notification of an assignment for any duty and reporting for that duty during reserve… 39. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.230(c) Reserve](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-230-c-reserve) RECURRENT EXTENDED RECOVERY REST ORO.FTL.235(d) applies to a crew member on reserve. 40. ## [CS FTL.1.235 Rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/cs-ftl-1-235) Disruptive schedules (1) If a transition from a late finish/night duty to an early start is planned at home base, the rest period between the 2 FDPs… 41. ## [GM1 CS FTL.1.235(b)(3) Rest periods](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm1-cs-ftl-1-235-b-3-rest-periods) TIME ELAPSED SINCE REPORTING The time elapsed since reporting for a rotation involving at least a 4-hour time difference to the reference time stops… 42. ## [GM2 CS FTL.1.235(b)(3) Additional rest to compensate for time zone differences](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/gm2-cs-ftl-1-235-b-3-additional-rest-to-compensate-for-time-zone-differences) REST AFTER ROTATIONS WITH THREE OR MORE FLIGHT DUTY PERIODS For a rotation with three or more FDPs, the greatest time zone difference from the original… 43. ## [Appendix I to Annex III (Part-ORO)](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-oro/subpart-ftl/appendix-i) DECLARATION in accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 on air operations Operator Name: Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 27 Mar 2026, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. 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