--- title: "UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 Flight data recorder (FDR) — Part-IAM · Avioverse" description: "A VCA with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg shall be equipped with a FDR that uses a digital method of recording and storing data, and for which a method…" url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-iam/subpart-d/uam-ide-mvca-190" --- # UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 Flight data recorder (FDR) ANNEX IX (Part-IAM) · Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 Official sources: [EASA Easy Access Rules (opens in a new tab)](https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/easy-access-rules/easy-access-rules-air-operations) · [EUR-Lex 2012/965 (opens in a new tab)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0965) IR Implementing rule ## UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 Flight data recorder (FDR) (a) A VCA with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg shall be equipped with a FDR that uses a digital method of recording and storing data, and for which a method of readily retrieving that data from the storage medium is available. (b) The FDR shall record the parameters required to determine accurately the flight path, speed, attitude, engine(s) power, operation, configuration, and any parameter that has been established during the type certification of the VCA and shall be capable of retaining the data recorded during at least the preceding 25 hours. (c) Data shall be obtained from the VCA sources that enable accurate correlation with information displayed to the pilot(s). (d) The FDR shall automatically start to record the data not later than the VCA is capable of moving under its own power and shall stop automatically following lift and thrust units powering off at the end of the flight. (e) If the FDR is not deployable, it shall have a device to assist in locating it under water with a minimum underwater transmission time of 90 days. If the FDR is deployable, it shall have an automatic ELT. IR · UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · Regulation (EU) 2024/1111 · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 Flight data recorder (FDR) FDR OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS (a) The operational performance requirements for FDRs should be those laid down in EUROCAE Document 112B dated August 2023, or any later equivalent standard accepted by EASA. (b) The FDR should, with reference to a timescale, record the parameters established in Table 3 and Table 4, as applicable, and any parameters that have been established during the type certification of the VCA. Table 3 FDR — VCA | No | Parameter | | --- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | 1 | Time | | 2 | Altitude | | 3 | Latitude | | 4 | Longitude | | 5 | Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed | | 6 | Ground speed | | 7 | Outside air temperature (OAT) | | 8 | Heading (magnetic or true) | | 9 | Track | | 10 | Vertical speed | | 11 | Pitch attitude | | 12 | Roll attitude | | 13 | Longitudinal acceleration (body axis) | | 14 | Normal acceleration | | 15 | Lateral acceleration | | 16 | Roll rate or roll acceleration | | 17 | Pitch rate or pitch acceleration | | 18 | Yaw rate or yaw acceleration | | 19 | Electric engines: | | 19a | [Rotation](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/rotation) speed of each rotor or propeller (in rpm) | | 19b | Health status of each electric engine controller | | 19c | Temperature of each electric engine | | 19d | Temperature of each electric engine controller | | 19e | Measured electrical current for each electric engine | | 19f | For liquid-cooled electric engines: pressure and temperature of the cooling liquid | | 20 | Flight controls: | | 20a | Pilot input positions on all axes and corresponding flight control | | 20b | Outputs (e.g. target rpm for each electric engine, flight surface positions, etc.) | | 21 | Status of each flight control computer | | 22 | Wings angle (if applicable) | | 23 | Nacelles angle (if applicable) | | 24 | Propeller pits (for every variable pitch propeller) | | 25 | Air–ground status such as weight on wheels or equivalent parameter | | 26 | Alerts (including master warning and master caution status) | | 27 | Manual voice transmission keying (if voice communications are used) | | 28 | Each battery used for propulsion and/or flight controls: | | 28a | Health status | | 28b | State of charge (SOC) | | 28c | Voltage | | 28d | Temperature | | 28e | Current flow | | 28f | State of power (SOP) (if available) | | 28g | Each battery used for propulsion and/or flight controls: calculated remaining [flight time](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/flight-time) (if available) | | 29 | Each electrical distribution unit (e.g. distribution units, converters) contributing to the propulsion and/or flight controls: health status | | 30 | Status of the battery management system (if any) | | 31 | Combustion engines: | | 31a | Fuel parameters | | 31b | Oil pressure and temperature | | 31c | Parameters required to determine propulsive thrust or power delivered | | 31d | Turbine rpm (if applicable) | | 31e | FADEC health status (if applicable) | | 31f | VCA inputs used by the FADEC (if applicable) | | 31g | Any electrical current generation | | 31h | Any other parameter subject to a limitation | Table 4 FDR — VCA for which the data source for the parameter is either used by the VCA systems or is available for use by the pilot to operate the VCA | No | Parameter | | -- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 1 | Active AFCS mode | | 2 | Radio altitude or terrain elevation | | 3 | Current navigation source | | 4 | Vertical and lateral deviation with respect to the current active navigation path | | 5 | DME 1 & 2 distances | | 6 | Drift angle | | 7 | Wind speed | | 8 | Wind direction | | 9 | Landing gear position | | 10 | Ice: ice detection | | 11 | Ice: status of de-icing or anti-icing system | | 12 | Electric engine: vibration level | | 13 | Traffic advisory or alerts (if applicable) | | 14 | Obstacle and terrain alerts (if applicable) | AMC · AMC1 UAM.IDE.MVCA.190 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2025/010/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 [All rules in SUBPART D — INSTRUMENTS, DATA AND EQUIPMENT](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-iam/subpart-d) Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 27 Mar 2026, extracted 2 Nov 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use.