--- title: "CAT.IDE.A.125 Operations under VFR by day – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment — Part-CAT · Avioverse" description: "Aeroplanes operated under VFR by day shall be equipped with the following equipment, available at the pilot’s station:" url: "https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-cat/subpart-d/cat-ide-a-125" --- # CAT.IDE.A.125 Operations under VFR by day – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment ANNEX IV (Part-CAT) · Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 IR Implementing rule ## CAT.IDE.A.125 Operations under VFR by day – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment (a) Aeroplanes operated under VFR by day shall be equipped with the following equipment, available at the pilot’s station: (1) A means of measuring and displaying: (i) Magnetic heading; (ii) Time in hours, minutes, and seconds; (iii) Barometric altitude; (iv) Indicated airspeed; (v) Vertical speed; (vi) Turn and slip; (vii) Attitude; (viii) Heading; (ix) Outside air temperature; and (x) Mach number whenever speed limitations are expressed in terms of Mach number. (2) A means of indicating when the supply of power to the required flight instruments is not adequate. (b) Whenever two pilots are required for the operation, an additional separate means of displaying the following shall be available for the second pilot: (1) Barometric altitude; (2) Indicated airspeed; (3) Vertical speed; (4) Turn and slip; (5) Attitude; and (6) Heading. (c) A means for preventing malfunction of the airspeed indicating systems due to condensation or icing shall be available for: (1) aeroplanes with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg or an MOPSC of more than nine; and (2) aeroplanes first issued with an individual CofA on or after 1 April 1999. (d) Single engine aeroplanes first issued with an individual CofA before 22 May 1995 are exempted from the requirements of (a)(1)(vi), (a)(1)(vii), (a)(1)(viii) and (a)(1)(ix) if the compliance would require retrofitting. IR · CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · Regulation (EU) 2019/1384 · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125& CAT.IDE.A.130 Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS (a) Individual equipment requirements may be met by combinations of instruments, by integrated flight systems or by a combination of parameters on electronic displays, provided that the information so available to each required pilot is not less than that required in the applicable operational requirements, and the equivalent safety of the installation has been shown during type certification approval of the [aeroplane](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/aeroplane) for the intended type of operation. (b) The means of measuring and indicating turn and slip, aeroplane attitude and stabilised aeroplane heading may be met by combinations of instruments or by integrated flight director systems, provided that the safeguards against total failure, inherent in the three separate instruments, are retained. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC2 CAT.IDE.A.125 Operations under VFR by day — flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment LOCAL FLIGHTS For flights that do not exceed 60 minutes’ duration, that take off and land at the same aerodrome and that remain within 50 NM of that aerodrome, an equivalent means of complying with CAT.IDE.A.125 (a)(1)(vi) may be: (a) a turn and slip indicator; (b) a turn coordinator; or (c) both an attitude indicator and a slip indicator. AMC · AMC2 CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(i)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(1) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING MAGNETIC HEADING The means of measuring and displaying magnetic direction should be a magnetic compass or equivalent. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(i) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ii)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(2) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING THE TIME An acceptable means of compliance is a clock displaying hours, minutes and seconds, with a sweep-second pointer or digital presentation. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ii) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iii)& CAT.IDE.A.130(b) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment CALIBRATION OF THE MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING PRESSURE ALTITUDE The instrument measuring and displaying barometric altitude should be of a sensitive type calibrated in feet (ft), with a sub-scale setting, calibrated in hectopascals/millibars, adjustable for any barometric pressure likely to be set during flight. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iii) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2019/019/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iv)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(3) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment CALIBRATION OF THE INSTRUMENT INDICATING AIRSPEED The instrument indicating airspeed should be calibrated in knots (kt). AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iv) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ix)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(8) Operations under VFR by day & operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF DISPLAYING OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE (a) The means of displaying outside air temperature should be calibrated in degrees Celsius. (b) The means of displaying outside air temperature may be an air temperature indicator that provides indications that are convertible to outside air temperature. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ix) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(b)& CAT.IDE.A.130(h) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MULTI-PILOT OPERATIONS — DUPLICATE INSTRUMENTS Duplicate instruments should include separate displays for each pilot and separate selectors or other associated equipment where appropriate. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(b) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(c)& CAT.IDE.A.130(d) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF PREVENTING MALFUNCTION DUE TO CONDENSATION OR ICING The means of preventing malfunction due to either condensation or icing of the airspeed indicating system should be a heated pitot tube or equivalent. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(c) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 GM Guidance material ## GM1 CAT.IDE.A.125& CAT.IDE.A.130 Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment SUMMARY TABLE Table 1 Flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment | SERIAL | | FLIGHTS UNDER VFR | | FLIGHTS UNDER IFROR AT [NIGHT](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/night) | | | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | | INSTRUMENT | | SINGLE-PILOT | TWO PILOTS REQUIRED | SINGLE-PILOT | TWO PILOTS REQUIRED | | 1 | Magnetic direction | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | Time | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 3 | Pressure altitude | 1 | 2 | 2 Note (5) | 2 Note (5) | | 4 | Indicated airspeed | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | | 5 | Vertical speed | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | | 6 | Turn and slip or turn coordinator | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 Note (4) | 2 Note (4) | | 7 | Attitude | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 | 2 | | 8 | Stabilised direction | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 | 2 | | 9 | Outside air temperature | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 10 | Mach number indicator | See Note (3) | | | | | 11 | Airspeed icing protection | 1 Note (6) | 2 Note (6) | 1 | 2 | | 12 | Airspeed icing protection failure indicating | | | 1 Note (7) | 2 Note (7) | | 13 | Static pressure source | | | 2 | 2 | | 14 | [Standby](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/standby) attitude indicator | | | 1 Note (8) | 1 Note (8) | | 15 | Chart holder | | | 1 Note (6) | 1 Note (6) | Note (1) For local flights (A to A, 50 NM radius, not more than 60 minutes’ duration), the instruments at serials (a)(6) and (a)(8) may be replaced by either a turn and slip indicator, or a turn coordinator, or both an attitude indicator and a slip indicator. Note (2) The substitute instruments permitted by Note (1) above should be provided at each pilot's station. Note (3) A Mach number indicator is required for each pilot whenever compressibility limitations are not otherwise indicated by airspeed indicators. Note (4) For IFR or at night, a turn and slip indicator, or a slip indicator and a third (standby) attitude indicator certified according to CS 25.1303 (b)(4) or equivalent, is required. Note (5) Except for unpressurised aeroplanes operating below 10 000 ft, neither three pointers, nor drum-pointer altimeters satisfy the requirement. Note (6) Applicable only to aeroplanes with a maximum certified [take-off mass](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/take-off-mass) (MCTOM) of more than 5 700 kg, or with an MOPSC of more than 9. It also applies to all aeroplanes first issued with an individual certificate of airworthiness (CofA) on or after 1 April 1999. Note (7) The pitot heater failure annunciation applies to any [aeroplane](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/aeroplane) issued with an individual CofA on or after 1 April 1998. It also applies before that date when: the aeroplane has an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg and an MOPSC greater than 9. Note (8) Applicable only to aeroplanes with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg, or with an MOPSC of more than 9. GM · GM1 CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2017/008/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125& CAT.IDE.A.130 Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS (a) Individual equipment requirements may be met by combinations of instruments, by integrated flight systems or by a combination of parameters on electronic displays, provided that the information so available to each required pilot is not less than that required in the applicable operational requirements, and the equivalent safety of the installation has been shown during type certification approval of the [aeroplane](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/aeroplane) for the intended type of operation. (b) The means of measuring and indicating turn and slip, aeroplane attitude and stabilised aeroplane heading may be met by combinations of instruments or by integrated flight director systems, provided that the safeguards against total failure, inherent in the three separate instruments, are retained. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(i)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(1) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING MAGNETIC HEADING The means of measuring and displaying magnetic direction should be a magnetic compass or equivalent. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(i) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ii)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(2) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING THE TIME An acceptable means of compliance is a clock displaying hours, minutes and seconds, with a sweep-second pointer or digital presentation. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ii) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iv)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(3) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment CALIBRATION OF THE INSTRUMENT INDICATING AIRSPEED The instrument indicating airspeed should be calibrated in knots (kt). AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iv) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ix)& CAT.IDE.A.130(a)(8) Operations under VFR by day & operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF DISPLAYING OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE (a) The means of displaying outside air temperature should be calibrated in degrees Celsius. (b) The means of displaying outside air temperature may be an air temperature indicator that provides indications that are convertible to outside air temperature. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(ix) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iii)& CAT.IDE.A.130(b) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment CALIBRATION OF THE MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING PRESSURE ALTITUDE The instrument measuring and displaying barometric altitude should be of a sensitive type calibrated in feet (ft), with a sub-scale setting, calibrated in hectopascals/millibars, adjustable for any barometric pressure likely to be set during flight. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(a)(1)(iii) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2019/019/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(c)& CAT.IDE.A.130(d) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MEANS OF PREVENTING MALFUNCTION DUE TO CONDENSATION OR ICING The means of preventing malfunction due to either condensation or icing of the airspeed indicating system should be a heated pitot tube or equivalent. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(c) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 AMC Acceptable means of compliance ## AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(b)& CAT.IDE.A.130(h) Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment MULTI-PILOT OPERATIONS — DUPLICATE INSTRUMENTS Duplicate instruments should include separate displays for each pilot and separate selectors or other associated equipment where appropriate. AMC · AMC1 CAT.IDE.A.125(b) — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2014/015/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 GM Guidance material ## GM1 CAT.IDE.A.125& CAT.IDE.A.130 Operations under VFR by day & Operations under IFR or at night – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment SUMMARY TABLE Table 1 Flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment | SERIAL | | FLIGHTS UNDER VFR | | FLIGHTS UNDER IFROR AT [NIGHT](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/night) | | | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | | INSTRUMENT | | SINGLE-PILOT | TWO PILOTS REQUIRED | SINGLE-PILOT | TWO PILOTS REQUIRED | | 1 | Magnetic direction | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 2 | Time | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 3 | Pressure altitude | 1 | 2 | 2 Note (5) | 2 Note (5) | | 4 | Indicated airspeed | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | | 5 | Vertical speed | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | | 6 | Turn and slip or turn coordinator | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 Note (4) | 2 Note (4) | | 7 | Attitude | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 | 2 | | 8 | Stabilised direction | 1 Note (1) | 2 Note (1) & Note (2) | 1 | 2 | | 9 | Outside air temperature | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 10 | Mach number indicator | See Note (3) | | | | | 11 | Airspeed icing protection | 1 Note (6) | 2 Note (6) | 1 | 2 | | 12 | Airspeed icing protection failure indicating | | | 1 Note (7) | 2 Note (7) | | 13 | Static pressure source | | | 2 | 2 | | 14 | [Standby](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/standby) attitude indicator | | | 1 Note (8) | 1 Note (8) | | 15 | Chart holder | | | 1 Note (6) | 1 Note (6) | Note (1) For local flights (A to A, 50 NM radius, not more than 60 minutes’ duration), the instruments at serials (a)(6) and (a)(8) may be replaced by either a turn and slip indicator, or a turn coordinator, or both an attitude indicator and a slip indicator. Note (2) The substitute instruments permitted by Note (1) above should be provided at each pilot's station. Note (3) A Mach number indicator is required for each pilot whenever compressibility limitations are not otherwise indicated by airspeed indicators. Note (4) For IFR or at night, a turn and slip indicator, or a slip indicator and a third (standby) attitude indicator certified according to CS 25.1303 (b)(4) or equivalent, is required. Note (5) Except for unpressurised aeroplanes operating below 10 000 ft, neither three pointers, nor drum-pointer altimeters satisfy the requirement. Note (6) Applicable only to aeroplanes with a maximum certified [take-off mass](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/take-off-mass) (MCTOM) of more than 5 700 kg, or with an MOPSC of more than 9. It also applies to all aeroplanes first issued with an individual certificate of airworthiness (CofA) on or after 1 April 1999. Note (7) The pitot heater failure annunciation applies to any [aeroplane](https://avioverse.aero/glossary/easa/aeroplane) issued with an individual CofA on or after 1 April 1998. It also applies before that date when: the aeroplane has an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg and an MOPSC greater than 9. Note (8) Applicable only to aeroplanes with an MCTOM of more than 5 700 kg, or with an MOPSC of more than 9. GM · GM1 CAT.IDE.A.125 — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · ED Decision 2017/008/R · Air OPS Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 27 Mar 2026 [All rules in SUBPART D: INSTRUMENTS, DATA, EQUIPMENT](https://avioverse.aero/regulations/easa/air-ops/part-cat/subpart-d) Consolidated from the EASA Easy Access Rules (revision 27 Mar 2026, extracted 13 Oct 2026) for convenience. Not the official publication — verify against the Official Journal of the European Union and the EASA publications before operational use.